Swachh Bharat Mission

Why in news?
Modi recently reviewed the progress of the Swachh Bharat Mission at a high-level meeting attended by officials of the Urban Development Ministry, the Drinking Water Supply and Sanitation Ministry, the NITI Aayog and the PMO.

Source: I&B Ministry

Take-aways from the review meeting

1. Toilets: Prime Minister directed concerned officers to specially coordinate with States which are lagging in toilet construction. 
2. Namaami Gange programme: construction of toilets in habitations on the banks of the River Ganga should receive the highest priority. 
3. Generating awareness and attitudinal change towards cleanliness: Prime Minister said 
1. Spiritual leaders should be associated with such efforts, especially during major congregational events such as the Jagannath Yatra and the Kumbh Mela. 
2. Motivational incentives such as awards should also be instituted through official channels. In rural areas quiz competitions among students to be used to promote awareness. 
4. Diaspora: Leveraging the huge interest that Swachh Bharat has generated among the Indian diaspora. 

Swachh Bharat Mission

• 2014 to 2019
• ZERO - Open defecation and manual scavenging
• Ministries
• RURAL - Drinking water and sanitation (NOT Rural Development)
• URBAN - Urban Development

To have an overall picture of the scheme, refer to the graphics below (from 2014 news article)

Source: Economic Times)

CONSTRUCTION of TOILETS

RURAL AREAS

School - Separate toilets for boys and girls Bio-toilets to be promoted Individual toilets - APL and BPL families to be focussed on - upto Rs. 12,000 will be given - priority to pregnant women, pensioners, families with girl child, etc. Community Sanitary Complexes - washing, bathing, toilets - for Rs. 2 Lakhs funding Sources: 60:30:10 = Centre:State:Local bodies Money from: National Rural Drinking Water program, Solid Waste Management projects, etc.

URBAN AREAS

Individual Toilets - Rs. 4000 Community Toilets Public Toilets - for maintenance contract of 5 years to private sector Temporary toilets - for workers at construction sites, etc.

ORGANISATION at two levels: Implementation and Monitoring

• Implementation:
• Centre: Mission Directorate and NARC (National Advisory and Review Committee)
• State: High Powered Committee
• District: Committee (with MLA, MP, DM, etc.)
• Village: Mainly for fund utilisation (including money routed through CSR)
• Individual: Swachhta  Doot -- for IEC - Information, Education and Communication. Includes:
• ASHA workers, Anganwadi staff, SHGs, NGOs, etc.
• Incentive: Rs. 150 for every family prevented from doing open defecation or getting them make a toilet, etc.
• Monitoring:
• RURAL:
• Via Vigilance committees
• Management Information system - for keeping a tab on progress of implementation
• URBAN:
• Area, Ward and District Committees etc.

FUNDING SOURCES

PUBLIC SECTOR	Centre: State = 75:25 90:10 for Special category states (All NE states, Jammu and Kashmir, Uttarakhand and Himachal Pradesh) Awareness funds --> 15% of total = 12% for States + 3% to be spent on National Media Involvement of PSUs for constructing toilets
PRIVATE SECTOR	CSR mandatory spending can be done for SBM Capital, operations and maintenance expenditure  Investment in making 'Green Curtain' around Railway stations

[Source: Ministry websites, PIB, Indian Express, Economic Times, Times of India]